Wudû is a form of religious purity, which includes washing and wiping certain parts of one’s body in accordance with religious rules.
One who is not in a state of Wudû is not allowed to perform Salâh, to make Tawâf (circumambulation) around the Holy Ka‘bah or to touch the Noble Qur’ân.
THE FARD (OBLIGATORY) ACTS of WUDÛ
The Fard (obligatory) acts of Wudû are four:
1. To wash the face,
2. To wash the arms up to and including the elbows,
3. To make Masah (wipe) over one-fourth of the head,
4. To wash the feet up to and including the ankles.
THE SUNNAH ACTS of WUDÛ
1. To make Niyyah (intention),
2. To start Wudû with Isti‘âdhah and Basmalah (A‘ûdhu…),
3. To wash first both the hands up to the wrists,
4. To make use of the Sunnah Miswâk (toothbrush),
5. To wash all successive parts of one’s body before the former part gets dry,
6. To take in water into the mouth and nostrils, three times,
7. To rub one’s ears with wet fingers,
8. To pass the wet fingers of both hands against each other (to make Khilâl),
9. To wash each required parts of the body three times,
10. To wipe with wet hands over the whole head,
11. To wash the necessary parts of one’s body in the prescribed order (to observe Tartîb),
12. To begin to wash the hands and the feet from the ends of the fingers/toes.
THE MAKRÛH (DISLIKED) ACTS of WUDÛ
1. To blow the nose with the right hand,
2. To wash/rub a required part of the body more than or less than three times,
3. To splash water on the face,
4. To use insufficient water or to be wasteful in the use of water for Wudû,
5. To speak during Wudû,
6. To neglect the Sunnah acts of Wudû.